Dictionaries and other reference materials

Here you will find quick links to online resources that you can use to do your own research into words.

Multi-language dictionaries

• wordreference.com (En, En-Sp, Sp-En, etc.): http://www.wordreference.com/
• en.wiktionary.org: https://en.wiktionary.org : words in many languages, including English, Spanish, Latin, and Ancient Greek (among many others); quite a good source for etymological information, especially for English

English dictionaries

• dictionary.com: http://dictionary.reference.com/
• thesaurus.com: http://www.thesaurus.com/
• Oxford English Dictionary (OED): https://www.oed.com (SSU off-campus)
• Concise Oxford English Dictionary (COED)
• Oxford American Dictionary (OAD): https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/
• American Heritage Dictionary (AHD): https://ahdictionary.com/
• Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE): https://www.ldoceonline.com/
• Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (MWCD): https://www.merriam-webster.com/
• Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary (MWALD): http://learnersdictionary.com/
• Macmillan English Dictionary (MED): https://www.macmillandictionary.com/
• Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary (CALD): https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/
• Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (OALD): https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/
• Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (RHWUD)
• Webster's New Third International Unabridged Dictionary (WNTIUD): http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/
• Webster's New World College Dictionary (WNWCD): https://www.yourdictionary.com/about/websters-new-world-college-dictionary.html
• Chambers Dictionary (CD): https://chambers.co.uk/
• Cambridge Dictionary of American Idioms (CDAI)
• Oxford Collocations (OC)
• McGrawhill's American Idioms And Phrasal Verbs (MAIPV)
• NTC's Thematic American Idioms

English thesaurus

• New Oxford Thesaurus Dictionary
• Concise Oxford Thesaurus
• Roget's 3 Superthesaurus
• Roget's Thesaurus IV
• Macmillan English Thesaurus Crazy Alternatives
• Chambers Thesaurus
• Collins Thesaurus
• Oxford American Writer's Thesaurus
• Merriam-Webster Collegiate® Thesaurus
• Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms
• Oxford American Thesaurus

English etymology

• Online Etymology Dictionary (Douglas Harper): http://etymonline.com/
• wordinfo.info: http://wordinfo.info/ (find all English words from a particular Latin or Greek root; quite good)
• Oxford English Dictionary (OED): https://www.oed.com (SSU off-campus)

Spanish etymology

• Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, by Joan Corominas (spelled Coromines in Catalan), in collaboration with José Antonio Pascual (PDF and CD-ROM versions can be found online)
• Online Etymological Dictionary of Spanish: www.spanishetym.com

Spanish dictionaries

• Diccionario de la Lengua Española (DLE) (antiguo Diccionario de la Real Academia, DRE), latest version: http://dle.rae.es
• Dirae: diccionario inverso de la lengua española basado en el Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española: http://dirae.es (use wildcards to search)

English-Spanish dictionaries

• wordreference.com: http://www.wordreference.com/

Latin-English dictionaries

• Perseus Tufts: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/resolveform?redirect=true&lang=Latin
• numen - the latin lexicon: http://latinlexicon.org
• LatDict: http://latin-dictionary.net/

Proto-Indo-European

• UTexas Pokorny Master PIE Etyma: http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/ielex/PokornyMaster-X.html
• The American Heritage Dictionary Indo-European Roots Appendix: https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/indoeurop.html
• Proto-Indo-European Lexicon: http://pielexicon.hum.helsinki.fi/

Off-line Dictionaries

GoldenDict is a "feature-rich dictionary lookup program": software program to read electronic dictionaries, including online dictionaries. The dictionaries files must be obtained separately. Because of the nature of these files, the best way is probably to get them from someone who has already found them. Supported formats: * Lingoes .LD2 files, Babylon .BGL files, ABBYY Lingvo .LSD, .DSL, .LSA and .DAT files; StarDict files; Dictd files; Hunspell .AFF/.DIC morphology files

• The application/program:
  • The main GoldenDict program site: http://goldendict.org/
  • Get the latest build for Windows
  • Goldendict for Android (free for up to 4 dictionaries)
• Freely available dictionaries (not copyrighted):
  • WordNet
  • University of Granada English-Spanish-English
  • English Wiktionary in StarDict format
• Other, copyrighted dictionaries: ask around

Other

• Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)
• Ortografía de la lengua española (2010)
• Diccionario Real Academia Española 23.ª edición (2014)
• ASALE Diccionario de americanismos
• Diccionario panhispánico de dudas